Android was acquired by Google, a small company in July 2005. It was located in Palo Alto, CA. Then, not much was known to everyone regarding the Android functions and just knew that they were making mobile phone software. Rumors then started that Google was planning to step in the cell phone market not clear of their function in the market.
There is large group of developers who write applications called apps extending the devices functionality. We can now see more than 200,000 apps that are available for Android. The market for Android is an online application store that's run by Google, although these apps can even be downloaded from other third-party websites. Apps are written mostly in Java Language, which control the device through Java libraries developed by Google.
Android distribution was introduced on 5 Nov 2007 by creating a Open Handset Alliance, that's an association of around 80 software, telecom and hardware companies that are dedicated in advancing standards for mobile phones. Most of the code for the Android was released by Google using the Apache License, a open source and free software license.
The open-source Android software stack includes Java applications that run on the framework of object-oriented applications, Java that are based on top of Core libraries of Java which run on Dalvik, a Virtual machine that features JIT compilation. C is used to write libraries that consist opencore media framework, surface manager, openGL ES 2.0 3D graphics API, SQLite RDMS, SGL graphics engine, Webkit layout engine, Bionic libc and SSL. Operating System for Android includes Linux Kernel which contains around 12 millions lines of code with 3 million lines in XML, 2.1 million in Java, 2.8 million in C and 1.75 million lines in C++.